Techniques for Processing Eyes Implanted With a Retinal Prosthesis for Localized Histopathological Analysis.

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dc.contributor.authorNayagam, David
dc.contributor.authorMcGowan, Ceara
dc.contributor.authorVillalobos, Joel
dc.contributor.authorWilliams, Richard
dc.contributor.authorSalinas-La Rosa, Cesar
dc.contributor.authorMcKelvie, Penelope
dc.contributor.authorLo, Irene
dc.contributor.authorBasa, Meri
dc.contributor.authorTan, Justin
dc.contributor.authorWilliams, Chris
dc.date.accessioned2015-02-01T22:16:09Z
dc.date.available2015-02-01T22:16:09Z
dc.date.issued2013-02
dc.description.abstractWith the recent development of retinal prostheses, it is important to develop reliable techniques for assessing the safety of these devices in preclinical studies. However, the standard fixation, preparation, and automated histology procedures are not ideal. Here we describe new procedures for evaluating the health of the retina directly adjacent to an implant. Retinal prostheses feature electrode arrays in contact with eye tissue. Previous methods have not been able to spatially localize the ocular tissue adjacent to individual electrodes within the array. In addition, standard histological processing often results in gross artifactual detachment of the retinal layers when assessing implanted eyes. Consequently, it has been difficult to assess localized damage, if present, caused by implantation and stimulation of an implanted electrode array. Therefore, we developed a method for identifying and localizing the ocular tissue adjacent to implanted electrodes using a (color-coded) dye marking scheme, and we modified an eye fixation technique to minimize artifactual retinal detachment. This method also rendered the sclera translucent, enabling localization of individual electrodes and specific parts of an implant. Finally, we used a matched control to increase the power of the histopathological assessments. In summary, this method enables reliable and efficient discrimination and assessment of the retinal cytoarchitecture in an implanted eye.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was performed at the Bionics Institute and St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne. Funding was provided by the Ian Potter Foundation, the John T Reid Charitable Trusts, and the Australian Research Council through its Special Research Initiative in Bionic Vision Science and Technology grant to Bionic Vision Australia (BVA). The Bionics Institute acknowledges the support it receives from the Victorian Government through its Operational Infrastructure Support Program.en_US
dc.identifier.citationNayagam, D. A. X.,McGowan, C., Villalobos, J., Williams, R. A., Salinas-LaRosa, C., McKelvie, P., Lo, I., Basa, M., Tan., J., & Williams, C. E. (2013). Techniques for Processing Eyes Implanted With a Retinal Prosthesis for Localized Histopathological Analysis. Journal of Visualized Experiments 78.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://repository.bionicsinstitute.org:8080/handle/123456789/109
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.publisherJoVE Corpen_US
dc.subjectMedicineen_US
dc.subjectAnatomyen_US
dc.subjectPhysiologyen_US
dc.subjectBiomedical Engineeringen_US
dc.subjectBioengineeringen_US
dc.subjectSurgeryen_US
dc.subjectOphthalmologyen_US
dc.subjectPathologyen_US
dc.subjectTissue Engineeringen_US
dc.subjectProsthesis Implantationen_US
dc.subjectImplantable Neurostimulatorsen_US
dc.subjectImplantsen_US
dc.subjectExperimentalen_US
dc.subjectHistologyen_US
dc.subjectBionicsen_US
dc.subjectRetinaen_US
dc.subjectProsthesisen_US
dc.subjectBionic Eyeen_US
dc.subjectRetinal Implanten_US
dc.subjectSuprachoroidalen_US
dc.subjectFixationen_US
dc.subjectLocalizationen_US
dc.subjectSafetyen_US
dc.subjectPreclinicalen_US
dc.subjectDissectionen_US
dc.subjectEmbeddingen_US
dc.titleTechniques for Processing Eyes Implanted With a Retinal Prosthesis for Localized Histopathological Analysis.en_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.typeVideoen_US
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