The fNIRS glossary project: a consensus-based resource for functional near-infrared spectroscopy terminology.

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dc.contributor.authorStute, Katharina
dc.contributor.authorGossé, Louisa K
dc.contributor.authorMontero-Hernandez, Samuel
dc.contributor.authorPerkins, Guy A
dc.contributor.authorYücel, Meryem A
dc.contributor.authorCutini, Simone
dc.contributor.authorDurduran, Turgut
dc.contributor.authorEhlis, Ann-Christine
dc.contributor.authorFerrari, Marco
dc.contributor.authorGervain, Judit
dc.contributor.authorMesquita, Rickson C
dc.contributor.authorOrihuela-Espina, Felipe
dc.contributor.authorQuaresima, Valentina
dc.contributor.authorScholkmann, Felix
dc.contributor.authorTachtsidis, Ilias
dc.contributor.authorTorricelli, Alessandro
dc.contributor.authorWabnitz, Heidrun
dc.contributor.authorYodh, Arjun G
dc.contributor.authorCarp, Stefan A
dc.contributor.authorDehghani, Hamid
dc.contributor.authorFang, Qianqian
dc.contributor.authorFantini, Sergio
dc.contributor.authorHoshi, Yoko
dc.contributor.authorNiu, Haijing
dc.contributor.authorObrig, Hellmuth
dc.contributor.authorKlein, Franziska
dc.contributor.authorArtemenko, Christina
dc.contributor.authorBajracharya, Aahana
dc.contributor.authorBarth, Beatrix
dc.contributor.authorBartkowski, Christian
dc.contributor.authorBorot, Lénac
dc.contributor.authorBulgarelli, Chiara
dc.contributor.authorBusch, David R
dc.contributor.authorChojak, Malgorzata
dc.contributor.authorDeFreitas, Jason M
dc.contributor.authorDiprossimo, Laura
dc.contributor.authorDresler, Thomas
dc.contributor.authorEken, Aykut
dc.contributor.authorElsherif, Mahmoud M
dc.contributor.authorEmberson, Lauren L
dc.contributor.authorExner, Anna
dc.contributor.authorFerdous, Talukdar Raian
dc.contributor.authorFiske, Abigail
dc.contributor.authorForbes, Samuel H
dc.contributor.authorGemignani, Jessica
dc.contributor.authorGerloff, Christian
dc.contributor.authorGuérin, Ségolène M R
dc.contributor.authorGuevara, Edgar
dc.contributor.authorHamilton, Antonia F de C
dc.contributor.authorHadi Hosseini, S M
dc.contributor.authorJain, Divya
dc.contributor.authorKerr-German, Anastasia N
dc.contributor.authorKong, Haiyan
dc.contributor.authorKroczek, Agnes
dc.contributor.authorLonghurst, Jason K
dc.contributor.authorLührs, Michael
dc.contributor.authorMacLennan, Rob J
dc.contributor.authorMehler, David M A
dc.contributor.authorMeidenbauer, Kimberly L
dc.contributor.authorMoreau, David
dc.contributor.authorMutlu, Murat C
dc.contributor.authorOrti, Renato
dc.contributor.authorParanawithana, Ishara
dc.contributor.authorPinti, Paola
dc.contributor.authorJounghani, Ali Rahimpour
dc.contributor.authorReindl, Vanessa
dc.contributor.authorRoss, Nicholas A
dc.contributor.authorSanchez-Alonso, Sara
dc.contributor.authorSeidel-Marzi, Oliver
dc.contributor.authorShukla, Mohinish
dc.contributor.authorUsama, Syed A
dc.contributor.authorTalati, Musa
dc.contributor.authorVergotte, Grégoire
dc.contributor.authorAtif Yaqub, M
dc.contributor.authorYu, Chia-Chuan
dc.contributor.authorZainodini, Hanieh
dc.date.accessioned2025-05-09T03:21:06Z
dc.date.issued2025-04-18
dc.description.abstractA shared understanding of terminology is essential for clear scientific communication and minimizing misconceptions. This is particularly challenging in rapidly expanding, interdisciplinary domains that utilize functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), where researchers come from diverse backgrounds and apply their expertise in fields such as engineering, neuroscience, and psychology.
dc.description.abstractThe fNIRS Glossary Project was established to develop a community-sourced glossary covering key fNIRS terms, including those related to the continuous-wave (CW), frequency-domain (FD), and time-domain (TD) NIRS techniques.
dc.description.abstractThe glossary was collaboratively developed by a diverse group of 76 fNIRS researchers, representing a wide range of career stages (from PhD students to experts) and disciplines. This collaborative process, structured across five phases, ensured the glossary's depth and comprehensiveness.
dc.description.abstractThe glossary features over 300 terms categorized into six key domains: analysis, experimental design, hardware, neuroscience, mathematics, and physics. It also includes abbreviations, symbols, synonyms, references, alternative definitions, and figures where relevant.
dc.description.abstractThe fNIRS glossary provides a community-sourced resource that facilitates education and effective scientific communication within the fNIRS community and related fields. By lowering barriers to learning and engaging with fNIRS, the glossary is poised to benefit a broad spectrum of researchers, including those with limited access to educational resources.
dc.description.sponsorshipThe methodology of the fNIRS Glossary Project is built on the glossary project of the Framework for Open and Responsible Research Training (FORRT).28 The authors would like to thank Ola Dopierala, Jeff Dunn, Jörn M. Horschig, and Hendrik Santosa for their contribution to phase 2 of the fNIRS Glossary Project. Further, the authors would like to thank Claudia Cruz-Martínez, Bibiana Cuervo-Soto, Javier Herrera-Vega, Fernando Martínez-Santiago, Alejandro A. TorresGarcía, and Luis Villaseñor-Pineda for their work on the OntoNIRS project. MAYüc acknowledges the support received through funding from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) under Grant No. 5-U01-EB029856-04. LKG is supported by the Medical Research Council (Grant No. MR/K021389) and Wellcome Trust (Grant No. 204770/Z/16/Z). GAP is supported by the Italian Ministry of Health (Grant No. GR-2019-12368539) and by the Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza (Grant No. IRP2020-StarG). TDur is supported by Fundació CELLEXBarcelona, Fundació Mir-Puig, Agencia Estatal de Investigación, European Commission (TinyBrains, LaserLab), Generalitat de Catalunya (CERCA, AGAUR). JGev is supported by an ERC Consolidator “BabyRhythm” (Grant No. 773202), FARE (Grant No. R204MPRHKE), and European Union Next Generation EU NRRP M6C2—Investment 2.1 “SYNFONIA” and a PRIN 2022 (Grant No. 2022WX3FM5). RCM was supported by the São Paulo Research Foundation (Grant No. FAPESP 2013/07559-3) and the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (Grant No. CNPq 311768/2019-9). IT is supported by EPSRC (Grant No. EP/ W035154/1), Innovate UK (Grant Nos. 10048387 and 10063660), and Wellcome Leap, Inc. (Grant No. PROSPEKT). HD is supported in part by the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB) of the NIH, Award Number R01EB029595. QF is supported by the NIHNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (Grant No. U24-NS124027). FK is supported by the GermanFederalMinistry ofEducation and Research(DAIsyproject; reference: 01IS22085E) and the RWTH Aachen University Exploratory Research Space (ERS) Start-Up grant (Grant No. StUpPD_420-22). LB was funded by the Doctoral Training Alliance (DTA) Applied Biosciences for Health Programme, which is supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Grant No. 801604). CBul is supported by the Early Career Fellowship Leverhulme Trust (Grant No. ECF-2021-174). DRB is supported by the NIH (Grant Nos. R01-NS122119 and R21-EB031261). LD was supported as an Early-Stage Researcher by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions (Grant No. 857897). LE is supported by the McDonnell Foundation (Grant No. AWD1005451) and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Resource Council (NSERC Discovery Grant No. AWD-021239). JGem is supported by the Marie Curie Individual Fellowship “BabyMindReader” (Grant No. 101031716) granted by the European Commission. EGis supported by the CONAHCYT IxM program (Grant No. 528). SMHH’s effort was supported in part by the NIH (Grant Nos. R21MH123873, R01AG073362, R01AG072470, and R21AG073973). DJ is supported by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (Grant No. 5TL1TR001434). DMAM issupported by aJunior Principal Investigator (JPI) fellowship funded bytheExcellence Strategy of the Federal Government and the Laender (Grant No. JPI07421). IP was supported by an Australian Government Research Training Program (RTP) Scholarship. PP is supported by the Wellcome Trust (Grant No. 212979/Z/18/Z). NAR is supported by the NIH (Grant No. 1R01EB029595-01A1). SSA is supported by a Young Investigator Grant from the Brain and Behavior Research Foundation (Grant No. #29736) and by the National Science Foundation (NSF Grant No. 2323360). MT is supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC Grant No. EP/S022139/1)—the Centre for Doctoral Training in Connected Electronic and Photonic Systems. VR was supported by a Presidential Postdoctoral Fellowship from Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. MAYac is supported by Fundació CELLEXBarcelona, Fundació Mir-Puig, Agencia Estatal de Investigación, European Commission (TinyBrains, LaserLab), Generalitat de Catalunya (CERCA, AGAUR).
dc.identifier.citationStute K, Gossé LK, Montero-Hernandez S, Perkins GA, Yücel MA, Cutini S, Durduran T, Ehlis AC, Ferrari M, Gervain J, Mesquita RC, Orihuela-Espina F, Quaresima V, Scholkmann F, Tachtsidis I, Torricelli A, Wabnitz H, Yodh AG, Carp SA, Dehghani H, Fang Q, Fantini S, Hoshi Y, Niu H, Obrig H, Klein F, Artemenko C, Bajracharya A, Barth B, Bartkowski C, Borot L, Bulgarelli C, Busch DR, Chojak M, DeFreitas JM, Diprossimo L, Dresler T, Eken A, Elsherif MM, Emberson LL, Exner A, Ferdous TR, Fiske A, Forbes SH, Gemignani J, Gerloff C, Guérin SMR, Guevara E, Hamilton AFC, Hadi Hosseini SM, Jain D, Kerr-German AN, Kong H, Kroczek A, Longhurst JK, Lührs M, MacLennan RJ, Mehler DMA, Meidenbauer KL, Moreau D, Mutlu MC, Orti R, Paranawithana I, Pinti P, Jounghani AR, Reindl V, Ross NA, Sanchez-Alonso S, Seidel-Marzi O, Shukla M, Usama SA, Talati M, Vergotte G, Atif Yaqub M, Yu CC, Zainodini H. The fNIRS glossary project: a consensus-based resource for functional near-infrared spectroscopy terminology. Neurophotonics. 2025 Apr;12(2):027801. doi: 10.1117/1.NPh.12.2.027801. Epub 2025 Apr 18. PMID: 40256456; PMCID: PMC12007957.
dc.identifier.urihttps://repository.bionicsinstitute.org/handle/703/472
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherNeurophotonics
dc.subjectcontinuous-wave near-infrared spectroscopy
dc.subjectdiffuse correlation spectroscopy
dc.subjectfrequency-domain near-infrared spectroscopy
dc.subjectfunctional near-infrared spectroscopy
dc.subjectglossary
dc.subjecttime-domain near-infrared spectroscopy
dc.titleThe fNIRS glossary project: a consensus-based resource for functional near-infrared spectroscopy terminology.
dc.typeArticle

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