Effects of deafness and cochlear implant use on temporal response characteristics in cat primary auditory cortex.

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dc.contributor.authorFallon, James
dc.contributor.authorShepherd, Robert
dc.contributor.authorNayagam, David
dc.contributor.authorWise, Andrew
dc.contributor.authorHeffer, Leon
dc.contributor.authorLandry, Thomas
dc.contributor.authorIrvine, Dexter
dc.date.accessioned2015-09-08T07:01:10Z
dc.date.available2015-09-08T07:01:10Z
dc.date.issued2014-09
dc.description.abstractWe have previously shown that neonatal deafness of 7-13 months duration leads to loss of cochleotopy in the primary auditory cortex (AI) that can be reversed by cochlear implant use. Here we describe the effects of a similar duration of deafness and cochlear implant use on temporal processing. Specifically, we compared the temporal resolution of neurons in AI of young adult normal-hearing cats that were acutely deafened and implanted immediately prior to recording with that in three groups of neonatally deafened cats. One group of neonatally deafened cats received no chronic stimulation. The other two groups received up to 8 months of either low- or high-rate (50 or 500 pulses per second per electrode, respectively) stimulation from a clinical cochlear implant, initiated at 10 weeks of age. Deafness of 7-13 months duration had no effect on the duration of post-onset response suppression, latency, latency jitter, or the stimulus repetition rate at which units responded maximally (best repetition rate), but resulted in a statistically significant reduction in the ability of units to respond to every stimulus in a train (maximum following rate). None of the temporal response characteristics of the low-rate group differed from those in acutely deafened controls. In contrast, high-rate stimulation had diverse effects: it resulted in decreased suppression duration, longer latency and greater jitter relative to all other groups, and an increase in best repetition rate and cut-off rate relative to acutely deafened controls. The minimal effects of moderate-duration deafness on temporal processing in the present study are in contrast to its previously-reported pronounced effects on cochleotopy. Much longer periods of deafness have been reported to result in significant changes in temporal processing, in accord with the fact that duration of deafness is a major factor influencing outcome in human cochlear implantees.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipWe are grateful for funding support from the National Institutes of Health NIDCD (NO1-DC-3-1005 & HHS-N-263-2007-00053-C), the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia, and the Victorian State Government through their Operational Infrastructure Support scheme.en_US
dc.identifier.citationFallon, J. B., R. K. Shepherd, D. A. X. Nayagam, A. K. Wise, L. F. Heffer, T. G. Landry and D. R. F. Irvine (2014). Effects of deafness and cochlear implant use on temporal response characteristics in cat primary auditory cortex. Hearing Research 315: 1-9.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://repository.bionicsinstitute.org:8080/handle/123456789/130
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherElsevieren_US
dc.subjecttemporal processingen_US
dc.subjectcochlear implanten_US
dc.subjectcortical plasticityen_US
dc.subjectneural prosthesisen_US
dc.subjectsensorineural hearing lossen_US
dc.titleEffects of deafness and cochlear implant use on temporal response characteristics in cat primary auditory cortex.en_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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